Nginx反向代理微服务配置 Nginx反向代理微服务配置一、本地域名服务访问过程二、正向代理和反向代理三、Nginx+Windows搭建域名访问环境1、修改C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc下hosts文件，映射本地域名和192.168.56.10ip关系。每次通过记事本修改很麻烦，可以通过SwitchHosts软件修改。192.168.56.10 family.com2、现在就可以通过family.com域名访问了。想要访问部署在服务器上的其它端口应用也可以通过域名访问，比如：搭建的kibana是5601端口，通过域名http://family.com:5601/即可访问了(kibana时部署在56.10服务器上的)四、nginx.conf user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; }Nginx配置文件说明：1、全局块:配置影响nginx全局的指令。如：用户组、nginx进程pid存放路径，日志存放路径，配置文件引入，允许生成wordker process数等。2、events块：配置影响nginx服务器或用户的网络链接。如：每个进程的最大连接数，选取那种事件驱动模型处理链接请求，是否允许同时接收多个网络链接，开启多个网络链接序列化等。3、http块：可以嵌套多个server，配置代理，缓存，日志定义等绝大多数功能和第三方模块的配置。如文件引入，mime-type定义，是否使用sendfile传输文件，链接超时事件，单链接请求数等。​ http块里面又包含：​ 3.1、http全局块：如upstream，错误页面，连接超时等。​ 3.2、server块： 配置虚拟注解的相关参数，一个http中可以有多个wever。​ server块里面又包含：​ 3.2.1、location：配置请求的路由，以及各种页面的处理情况。​ 注意： server块里面可以包含多个location。4、include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;注意：会包含所有include /etc/nginx/conf.d/这个目录下的所有配置文件。比如/etc/nginx/conf.d/默认有个default.conf配置文件，里面就只包含了server块。server { listen 80; -----------nginx监听的端口 server_name localhost; ------------nginx监听的端口 #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main; ----访问日志 location / { ---------------- /表示上面监听域名下所有的请求，都可以在root目录下找，包括首页index root /usr/share/nginx/html index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; ----------404错误页面路径配置 # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; ---------500页面路径配置 location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; }五、反向代理配置配置实例：因为上面修改了host文件映射了域名到192.168.56.10服务器，所有通过服务上nginx访问本地127.0.0.1的springboot项目就可以通过配置反向代理域名访问。将通过nginx访问family.com的所有请求，通过nginx反向代理到本地的springboot项目地址本地springboot项目ip192.168.56.1：。server { listen 80; server_name family.com; #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main; location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.56.1:40000; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} }梳理流程：1、修改本地host文件，目的是模拟类似访问外网的一个域名，如果有服务器域名绑定了ip，就可以不用这步骤了。2、修改host映射family.com ------->192.168.56.10 (服务地址)。3、访问family.com就相当于访问192.168.56.10 (服务地址)。4、将所有family.com(这个域名默认端口为80)的所有请求，通过nginx反向代理到局域网内的其它服务器，比如这里就是本地搭建的springboot项目端口40000。5、通过反向代理配置listen 80; ------监控哪个端口 server_name family.com; ------监听哪个域名 location / { ---- /：表示所有请求 proxy_pass http://192.168.56.1:40000; --将family.com域名80端，反向代理到http://192.168.56.1:40000 }6、现在family.com:80端口的所有请求就会反向代理到http://192.168.56.1:40000了。反向代理后访问地址：七、nginx代理网关如果我们服务多了，每次都要修改域名，修改nginx配置反向代理到多个服务，这样比较麻烦。那我们就可以通过配置nginx代理到微服务的网关，让网关来负载均衡到各服务。nginx负载均衡参考地址nginx反向代理局域网内网关服务(192.168.56.1:88)。nginx配置如下： user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; upstream family { server 192.168.56.1:88; } include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; }注意修改的地方:upstream family { ----网关取的名字 server 192.168.56.1:88; -----网关服务地址 server srv2.example.com; ----可以配置多个网关地址，我这只有一个网关配一个即可 server srv3.example.com; server srv4.example.com; }修改yanxizhu.nginx配置：server { listen 80; server_name family.com; #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main; location / { proxy_pass http://family; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} }注意修改点:location / { proxy_pass http://family; ---这里就反向代理到family这个网关了，也就是上面取的网关名字 }接着就开始配置getway网关服务请求：注意：nginx代理给网关的时候会丢失host信息。解决办法；yanxizhu.conf添加代理host的header。proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;family.conf整体如下:server { listen 80; server_name family.com; #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main; location / { proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host; proxy_pass http://family; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} }getway网关服务负载均衡配置： - id: family_host_route uri: lb://family-booking predicates: - Host=**.family.com比如访问http://family.com/时，nginx就会将请求反向代理给网关服务(192.168.56.1:88)，而网关服务通过配置的负载均衡，又会将**.family.com域名的请求，负载均衡到family-booking微服务的80端口。以上就是nginx的反向代理配置。注意将getway网关的配置，放在最后，不然全部服务都被代理到family_host_route了。八、静态资源配置将前端静态资源上传到nginx静态资源目录，后端主页面路径加上static路径。server { listen 80; server_name family.com; #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main; location /static/ { root /var/www/html; } location / { proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host; proxy_pass http://family; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} }说明：location /static/ { root /var/www/html; }后端主页访问静态资源都添加上/static/静态资源目录，当请求static资源路径时，会被nginx处理请求nginx下配置的静态资源。